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Ovation: South
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Weather: TAS
Presets: Presets

Alerts:
Space Weather Message Code: WARK04
Serial Number: 5200
Issue Time: 2026 Jan 01 0843 UTC

EXTENDED WARNING: Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Extension to Serial Number: 5199
Valid From: 2026 Jan 01 0430 UTC
Now Valid Until: 2026 Jan 01 1200 UTC
Warning Condition: Persistence
www.swpc.noaa.gov/noaa-scales-explanation
Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

Space Weather Message Code: WARK04
Serial Number: 5199
Issue Time: 2026 Jan 01 0409 UTC

WARNING: Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2026 Jan 01 0430 UTC
Valid To: 2026 Jan 01 0900 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
www.swpc.noaa.gov/noaa-scales-explanation
Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.

Space Weather Message Code: WATA30
Serial Number: 263
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 31 2259 UTC

WATCH: Geomagnetic Storm Category G2 Predicted
Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Jan 01:  G1 (Minor)   Jan 02:  G1 (Minor)   Jan 03:  G2 (Moderate)
THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT
www.swpc.noaa.gov/noaa-scales-explanation
Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 55 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power grid fluctuations can occur. High-latitude power systems may experience voltage alarms.
Spacecraft - Satellite orientation irregularities may occur; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites is possible.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio propagation can fade at higher latitudes.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as New York to Wisconsin to Washington state.

Space Weather Message Code: ALTEF3
Serial Number: 3591
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 31 1632 UTC

CONTINUED ALERT: Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Continuation of Serial Number: 3590
Begin Time: 2025 Dec 21 1425 UTC
Yesterday Maximum 2MeV Flux: 5613 pfu

Comment: Electrons went over threshold at 31/1255 through 31/1530 UTC.
Potential Impacts: Satellite systems may experience significant charging resulting in increased risk to satellite systems.

Space Weather Message Code: SUMXM5
Serial Number: 303
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 31 1425 UTC

SUMMARY: X-ray Event exceeded M5
Begin Time: 2025 Dec 31 1312 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Dec 31 1351 UTC
End Time: 2025 Dec 31 1411 UTC
X-ray Class: M7.1
Location: N24E19
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate
www.swpc.noaa.gov/noaa-scales-explanation
Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered primarily on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth.
Radio - Limited blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for tens of minutes.

Space Weather Message Code: SUM10R
Serial Number: 898
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 31 1419 UTC

SUMMARY: 10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2025 Dec 31 1331 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Dec 31 1348 UTC
End Time: 2025 Dec 31 1353 UTC
Duration: 22 minutes
Peak Flux: 550 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 182 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.

Space Weather Message Code: ALTTP4
Serial Number: 701
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 31 1401 UTC

ALERT: Type IV Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Dec 31 1342 UTC
Description: Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections and solar radiation storms.

Space Weather Message Code: ALTTP2
Serial Number: 1461
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 31 1400 UTC

ALERT: Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Dec 31 1333 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 893 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.

Space Weather Message Code: ALTXMF
Serial Number: 507
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 31 1344 UTC

ALERT: X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Dec 31 1342 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate
www.swpc.noaa.gov/noaa-scales-explanation
Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.

Space Weather Message Code: WARK04
Serial Number: 5198
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 31 1336 UTC

WARNING: Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2025 Dec 31 1335 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Dec 31 2100 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
www.swpc.noaa.gov/noaa-scales-explanation
Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.


Solar-terrestrial indices for 31 December follow.
Solar flux 171 and estimated planetary A-index 7.
The estimated planetary K-index at 0900 UTC on 01 January was 2.67.

Space weather for the past 24 hours has been moderate.
Radio blackouts reaching the R2 level occurred.

Space weather for the next 24 hours is predicted to be moderate.
Geomagnetic storms reaching the G1 level are likely.
Radio blackouts reaching the R2 level are likely.


Geo Magnetic Forecast:

NOAA Ap Index Forecast
Observed Ap 30 Dec 008
Estimated Ap 31 Dec 007
Predicted Ap 01 Jan-03 Jan 018-016-042

NOAA Geomagnetic Activity Probabilities 01 Jan-03 Jan
Active                35/35/10
Minor storm           35/35/35
Moderate storm        20/20/35
Strong-Extreme storm  01/01/20

NOAA Kp index forecast 01 Jan - 03 Jan
             Jan 01    Jan 02    Jan 03
00-03UT        2.00      3.67      5.00
03-06UT        3.00      3.00      6.00
06-09UT        3.00      2.67      6.00
09-12UT        2.67      2.67      4.67
12-15UT        2.33      2.33      4.00
15-18UT        3.00      2.00      3.00
18-21UT        3.67      2.33      3.00
21-00UT        5.00      4.67      4.33


Extended Three Day Forecast:

A. NOAA Geomagnetic Activity Observation and Forecast

The greatest observed 3 hr Kp over the past 24 hours was 3 (below NOAA
Scale levels).
The greatest expected 3 hr Kp for Jan 01-Jan 03 2026 is 6.00 (NOAA Scale
G2).

NOAA Kp index breakdown Jan 01-Jan 03 2026

             Jan 01       Jan 02       Jan 03
00-03UT       1.67         3.67         5.00 (G1)
03-06UT       2.33         3.00         6.00 (G2)
06-09UT       2.67         2.67         6.00 (G2)
09-12UT       3.00         2.67         4.67 (G1)
12-15UT       3.00         2.33         4.00
15-18UT       4.33         2.00         3.00
18-21UT       5.00 (G1)    2.33         3.00
21-00UT       3.33         4.67 (G1)    4.33

Rationale: G1 (Minor) geomagnetic storms are likely for Jan 01-02 and G2
(Moderate) geomagnetic storms are likely for Jan 03 due to the
anticipated impact of CMEs that left the Sun between 28-31 Dec.

B. NOAA Solar Radiation Activity Observation and Forecast

Solar radiation, as observed by NOAA GOES-18 over the past 24 hours, was
below S-scale storm level thresholds.

Solar Radiation Storm Forecast for Jan 01-Jan 03 2026

              Jan 01  Jan 02  Jan 03
S1 or greater   40%     20%     10%

Rationale: There is a chance for S1 (Minor) solar radiation storms on
Jan 01 due to a impulsive flare on 31 Dec, and a slight chance for S1
(Minor) solar radiation storms on 02-03 Jan.

C. NOAA Radio Blackout Activity and Forecast

Radio blackouts reaching the R2 levels were observed over the past 24
hours. The largest was at Dec 31 2025 1351 UTC.

Radio Blackout Forecast for Jan 01-Jan 03 2026

              Jan 01        Jan 02        Jan 03
R1-R2           55%           55%           55%
R3 or greater   20%           20%           20%

Rationale: R1-R2 (Minor to Moderate) or radio blackouts are likely on
01-03 Jan.


Extended Space Weather Discussion:

Solar Activity

.24 hr Summary...
Solar activity was at high levels due to an M7.1 flare at 31/1351 UTC
from Region 4324 (N24E11, Dai/beta). Associated with the flare were Type
II (893 km/s) and Type IV radio sweeps, a 550 sfu 10 cm radio burst, and
a partial halo CME off the NE limb first observed in SOHO/LASCO C2
imagery at 31/1400 UTC. Analysis of the CME indicated an arrival late on
02 Jan to early on 03 Jan. Slight growth was observed in the trailing
spots of Region 4324. Moderate growth and consolidation occurred in
Region 4325 (S08E04, Eki/beta-delta). Region 4325 was responsible for a
few C-class flares including a C5.9 at 31/0132 UTC. New spots emerged in
the NE quadrant and was numbered 4332 (N14E31, Bxo/beta).

.Forecast...
Solar activity is expected to be low with M-class flares likely (R1-R2,
Minor-Moderate), and a slight chance for X-class flares (R3-Strong), on
01-03 Jan. M-class activity is possible from Regions 4324 and 4325.

Energetic Particle

.24 hr Summary...
The greater than 2 MeV electron flux reached high levels with a peak of
3,898 pfu at 31/1340 UTC. The greater than 10 MeV proton flux remained
at background levels.

.Forecast...
The greater than 2 MeV electron flux is expected to decrease to normal
to moderate levels on 01-02 Jan due to CME activity. A return to high
levels is likely by 03 Jan. There is a chance for a greater than 10 MeV
proton event on 01 Jan based on the proton prediction model of the M7.1
flare that occurred at 31/1351 UTC. Proton probability decreases to a
slight chance on 02-03 Jan.

Solar Wind

.24 hr Summary...
Solar wind parameters were indicative of a solar sector boundary
crossing followed by a possible connection to a negative polarity CH
HSS. Total field ranged from 2-12 nT while the Bz component was between
+11/-6 nT. Solar wind speed increased from approximately 400 km/s to
between 430-540 km/s. Phi angle deflected into a negative sector after
31/1218 UTC.

.Forecast...
Solar wind parameters are expected to be disturbed over 01-03 Jan due to
a combination of CH HSS activity and CME activity. There is the
potential for glancing influences late on 01 Jan from CMEs that left the
Sun on 28-30 Dec. Also, the aforementioned CME associated with the M7.1
flare is expected cause an additional enhancement beginning late on 02
Jan to early on 03 Jan.

Geospace

.24 hr Summary...
The geomagnetic field was quiet to unsettled.

.Forecast...
The geomagnetic field is expected to reach unsettled to G1 (Minor)
levels on 01 Jan due to the combination of HSS activity and potential
glancing blows from the 28-30 Dec CMEs. By late on 02 Jan to early on 03
Jan, the arrival of the 31 Dec CME is expected to cause unsettled to
G1-G2 (Minor-Moderate) storming.


27 Day Forecast:

Date | Radio Flux | Planetary A Index | Largest Kp Index
2025 Dec 29     185           5          2
2025 Dec 30     175           5          2
2025 Dec 31     170           8          3
2026 Jan 01     165          15          4
2026 Jan 02     160          18          4
2026 Jan 03     160          15          4
2026 Jan 04     155          12          4
2026 Jan 05     150           5          2
2026 Jan 06     155           5          2
2026 Jan 07     140           5          2
2026 Jan 08     130           5          2
2026 Jan 09     125          15          4
2026 Jan 10     120          10          4
2026 Jan 11     120           5          2
2026 Jan 12     120          10          4
2026 Jan 13     120          15          4
2026 Jan 14     115          15          4
2026 Jan 15     120           5          2
2026 Jan 16     120           5          2
2026 Jan 17     125          20          5
2026 Jan 18     135          20          5
2026 Jan 19     145          18          4
2026 Jan 20     155          18          4
2026 Jan 21     165           8          3
2026 Jan 22     165           8          3
2026 Jan 23     175           5          2
2026 Jan 24     175           5          2


  • GRAPH OPTIONS: Learn more
    It is recommended that you start out with the default options. As you get used to AF you can disable additional information and combine data series' together to maxamise the use of screen space.

  • DATA SOURCES: Learn more
    Some data sources can only be enabled or disabled via the tick box. Others are disabled using the slider set to 0, or enabled by setting the slider from 0.5 to 4. This number also represents the thinkness of the line plot onto the graph.

  • 'The' Aurora Forecast Index: Learn more
    These are two good options for predicting Auroras.

    The Aurora Forecast Index takes into account many data sources. As a general rule if it stays high for many hours there is a good possibility of an Aurora present.

    Aurora Forecast website usage is also a good indicator, as visitors to the site come from many traffic sources. General internet and community chatter transplating to visits is a great indicator.

  • Planatary K Index (Kp): Learn more
    The Kp number is a system of measuring aurora strength. The range goes from 0 to 9 (0 being calm, 1 very weak, all the way up to 9, which would represent a major geomagnetic storm with strong auroras visible).

    Kp 5 and above is classified as a geomagnetic storm. Most Aurora Hunters consider prolonged 3+ or higher worth investigation.

  • Ovation (Model) Short Term Forecast (GW):' Learn more
    The Ovation-Prime Model produced by SWPC calculates the energy interacting with the Earths magnetic field. This is a good indicator for Aurora activity.
  • DSCOVR Observatory (L1): Learn more

    The DSCOVR or Deep Space Climate Obervatory sits 1.5 million Kilometers from Earth, between the Earth and the Sun in the L1 orbit point, the neutral gravity point between the Earth and the Sun. DSCOVR provides space weather readings, allowing for up to an hour of warning on weather events. This is why DSCOVR's data appears in the future on the graph.

    Strong negative Bz direction is linked to Aurora's because the solar wind magnetic direction is in direct oposition with the Earths magnetic field.

  • ACE Observatory (L1): Learn more

    ACE or Advanced Composition Explorer sits 1.5 million Kilometers from Earth, between the Earth and the Sun in the L1 orbit point, the neutral gravity point between the Earth and the Sun. ACE has now been replaced by DSCOVR, but the data is still useful for comparing to DSCOVR.
  • GOES Satalites: Learn more

    GOES or Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites sit 46 Kilometers above the Earth in geostationary orbit. They provide local space weather data and are a good indicator for current geomagnetic conditions.

  • Terrestrial Magnetometer Sources: Learn more
    Terrestrial or surface magnetometers detect fluctuations in the Earths magnetic field from the ground.
    These do not work as well as satalites as the magnetic field obsorbs some of the effects from the solar winds.
    There is a mix of govenment and citizen science stations listed here, including two run by Aurora Forecast in Hobart.
  • User Magnetometer ID's: Learn more
    If you have a TAFS Magnetometer and you want to add it to the graph you can do it here.
    Insent your Mag's Unique ID.

 

v4.16b

Aurora Forecast is free to use, however it takes a lot of time and effort to maintain. If you find it useful and are a regular user then please consider making a donation to keep it running. Feedback is always welcome.


v4.X Release 17th Dec 2020)
Fixed New GOES and HPI inputs from noaa for Json (17/12/20).
Addded the ability to add 2 custom Magnetometers in settings (comming soon) (18/10/19).
Improved Hobart Magnetometer code. (18/18/19)
Move all presets into their own pop out side menu. (19/06/19)
Added Composite weather maps (TAS, VIC and SA), thanks to Oz forecast! (19/06/19)
UI Upgrades, Name, Logo and Website Site Changes.
Added custom line widths for most items.
Added GOES Difference (#1 - #2)
Added Ovation-prime model outputs.

v3.8x
Various Updates, New AF Index Algo. (8/12/18)

v3.6x
Added more Presets. Disabled Presets overwriting graph views (6/7/18)
Added GeoSpace Kp Model Prediction. (3/7/18)
Added SWPC Kp Forecast + Observation. (2/7/18)
Removed WingKP and USKp. :( No longer Avaliable. (2/7/18)
Removed feed from www.dunedinaurora.nz (Unreliable). (2/7/18)
Updates to latest JQuery, JQuery Mobile and AmCharts etc. (2/7/18)
Enhanced Pro setting with Dynamic Preasure. (2/7/18)
Added Quickselect preset buttons to main page. (2/7/18)
 
v3.5x
Added Ruru Observatory Magnetometer. (25/4/28)
Added Forecast Sub Tabset. (1/3/18)
Added Extended Discussion Text, 27Day FC (1/3/18)
Removed Dial, and Added Forecast Report. (28/2/18)
Updated A few settings for better visilation. (28/2/18)
Updated Goes-13 is Now Goes-14 (15/2/18)
Improved Commmunity Activity for faster loads.
Consolidated Proton Density / Dynamic Preasure.
Added Additional Balloon Text.
Added TAFS Visual Probability in %.
User Interface Upgrades.
Add 'Dial' for the basics, with default support.
Added one click presets.
 
v2.1 - v2.49
Added 'Automatic Chart Update' option in settings.
Database caching enabled, significant load time improvements.
Extension to max 96 hours of data, up from 24.
Added ACE Bt,Bx and By for comparison.
Added More User Presets.
Fixed Orentation Change Alert.
Small layout changes.
Added Header Image.
Removed Top Header to fee up Space, Refresh added to Chart Tab.
Added Community Activity Indicator
Fixed MAG value issues in graph.
Added Second Hobart MAG Source.
Updated Comment Features (Disable).
 
v2.0
Fixed DSCOVR B? display bug.
Added MAG Stack Feature.
Upgrade to json feeds.
Feeds are timezone and forecast aware, making them super fast.
DB Optimisation, improved DB search times.
Charts are now zoomable, allow selection and export.
Added USAF Kp, Updated Wing Kp.
Added Ovation Aurora Short Term Forecast.
Added Macquarie Island MAG feed.
Added Mawson MAG Feed.
Added Canberra Feed.
Added MAG feed from www.dunedinaurora.nz (Portobello).
Added Brendan's experemental MAG feed (Hobart).
Fixed cookie bug, One Alert is enough for landscape mode.
 
> v1.0 (Started 20/10/2014)

  Mawson and Macquarie Island data is copyright Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia), and redistributed under Creative Commons v4.
Thanks to INTERMAGNET for promoting high standards of magnetic observatory practice in providing access to these feeds. (www.intermagnet.org).

Local Australian weather composite maps provided by Oz Forecast


Aurora Forecast is free to use, however it takes a lot of time and effort to maintain.
Why not make a donation to keep it running?
Feedback is always welcome. - ©2022 Brendan Davey