Alerts:
Space Weather Message Code: ALTK04
Serial Number: 2614
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 07 0601 UTC
ALERT: Geomagnetic K-index of 4
Synoptic Period: 0300-0600 UTC
Active Warning: Yes
www.swpc.noaa.gov/noaa-scales-explanation
Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.
Space Weather Message Code: WATA50
Serial Number: 94
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 07 0443 UTC
WATCH: Geomagnetic Storm Category G3 Predicted
Highest Storm Level Predicted by Day:
Dec 08: G1 (Minor) Dec 09: G3 (Strong) Dec 10: G1 (Minor)
THIS SUPERSEDES ANY/ALL PRIOR WATCHES IN EFFECT
Comment: Watches for G3 (Strong) on 09 Dec and G1 (Minor) on 10 Dec are in anticipation of CME arrival from the M8 flare at 06/2039 UTC.
www.swpc.noaa.gov/noaa-scales-explanation
Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 50 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Power system voltage irregularities possible, false alarms may be triggered on some protection devices.
Spacecraft - Systems may experience surface charging; increased drag on low Earth-orbit satellites and orientation problems may occur.
Navigation - Intermittent satellite navigation (GPS) problems, including loss-of-lock and increased range error may occur.
Radio - HF (high frequency) radio may be intermittent.
Aurora - Aurora may be seen as low as Pennsylvania to Iowa to Oregon.
Space Weather Message Code: WARK04
Serial Number: 5176
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 07 0423 UTC
WARNING: Geomagnetic K-index of 4 expected
Valid From: 2025 Dec 07 0422 UTC
Valid To: 2025 Dec 07 2359 UTC
Warning Condition: Onset
www.swpc.noaa.gov/noaa-scales-explanation
Potential Impacts: Area of impact primarily poleward of 65 degrees Geomagnetic Latitude.
Induced Currents - Weak power grid fluctuations can occur.
Aurora - Aurora may be visible at high latitudes such as Canada and Alaska.
Space Weather Message Code: ALTTP4
Serial Number: 698
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 06 2107 UTC
ALERT: Type IV Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Dec 06 2057 UTC
Description: Type IV emissions occur in association with major eruptions on the sun and are typically associated with strong coronal mass ejections and solar radiation storms.
Space Weather Message Code: SUMXM5
Serial Number: 301
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 06 2057 UTC
SUMMARY: X-ray Event exceeded M5
Begin Time: 2025 Dec 06 2029 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Dec 06 2039 UTC
End Time: 2025 Dec 06 2049 UTC
X-ray Class: M8.1
Optical Class: 2b
Location: N20E01
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate
www.swpc.noaa.gov/noaa-scales-explanation
Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered primarily on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth.
Radio - Limited blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication for tens of minutes.
Space Weather Message Code: SUM10R
Serial Number: 892
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 06 2054 UTC
SUMMARY: 10cm Radio Burst
Begin Time: 2025 Dec 06 2035 UTC
Maximum Time: 2025 Dec 06 2036 UTC
End Time: 2025 Dec 06 2039 UTC
Duration: 4 minutes
Peak Flux: 1100 sfu
Latest Penticton Noon Flux: 200 sfu
Description: A 10cm radio burst indicates that the electromagnetic burst associated with a solar flare at the 10cm wavelength was double or greater than the initial 10cm radio background. This can be indicative of significant radio noise in association with a solar flare. This noise is generally short-lived but can cause interference for sensitive receivers including radar, GPS, and satellite communications.
Space Weather Message Code: ALTTP2
Serial Number: 1451
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 06 2051 UTC
ALERT: Type II Radio Emission
Begin Time: 2025 Dec 06 2040 UTC
Estimated Velocity: 1143 km/s
Description: Type II emissions occur in association with eruptions on the sun and typically indicate a coronal mass ejection is associated with a flare event.
Space Weather Message Code: ALTXMF
Serial Number: 504
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 06 2041 UTC
ALERT: X-Ray Flux exceeded M5
Threshold Reached: 2025 Dec 06 2037 UTC
NOAA Scale: R2 - Moderate
www.swpc.noaa.gov/noaa-scales-explanation
Potential Impacts: Area of impact centered on sub-solar point on the sunlit side of Earth. Extent of blackout of HF (high frequency) radio communication dependent upon current X-ray Flux intensity. For real-time information on affected area and expected duration please see http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/d-region-absorption-predictions-d-rap.
Space Weather Message Code: ALTEF3
Serial Number: 3572
Issue Time: 2025 Dec 06 1234 UTC
CONTINUED ALERT: Electron 2MeV Integral Flux exceeded 1000pfu
Continuation of Serial Number: 3571
Begin Time: 2025 Dec 05 1530 UTC
Yesterday Maximum 2MeV Flux: 1426 pfu
Potential Impacts: Satellite systems may experience significant charging resulting in increased risk to satellite systems.
Solar-terrestrial indices for 06 December follow.
Solar flux 200 and estimated planetary A-index 16.
The estimated planetary K-index at 0900 UTC on 07 December was 3.00.
Space weather for the past 24 hours has been moderate.
Radio blackouts reaching the R2 level occurred.
Space weather for the next 24 hours is predicted to be moderate.
Geomagnetic storms reaching the G1 level are likely.
Radio blackouts reaching the R2 level are likely.
Geo Magnetic Forecast:
NOAA Ap Index Forecast
Observed Ap 05 Dec 013
Estimated Ap 06 Dec 021
Predicted Ap 07 Dec-09 Dec 018-018-005
NOAA Geomagnetic Activity Probabilities 07 Dec-09 Dec
Active 30/30/15
Minor storm 35/35/01
Moderate storm 15/15/01
Strong-Extreme storm 05/05/01
NOAA Kp index forecast 07 Dec - 09 Dec
Dec 07 Dec 08 Dec 09
00-03UT 2.67 3.00 1.67
03-06UT 2.00 5.00 1.67
06-09UT 2.33 3.00 1.67
09-12UT 2.33 3.00 1.33
12-15UT 2.33 3.67 1.33
15-18UT 3.67 2.67 1.33
18-21UT 5.00 2.00 1.33
21-00UT 4.00 2.00 1.33
Extended Three Day Forecast:
A. NOAA Geomagnetic Activity Observation and Forecast
The greatest observed 3 hr Kp over the past 24 hours was 4 (below NOAA
Scale levels).
The greatest expected 3 hr Kp for Dec 07-Dec 09 2025 is 5.00 (NOAA Scale
G1).
NOAA Kp index breakdown Dec 07-Dec 09 2025
Dec 07 Dec 08 Dec 09
00-03UT 2.67 3.00 1.67
03-06UT 2.00 5.00 (G1) 1.67
06-09UT 2.33 3.00 1.67
09-12UT 2.33 3.00 1.33
12-15UT 2.33 3.67 1.33
15-18UT 3.67 2.67 1.33
18-21UT 5.00 (G1) 2.00 1.33
21-00UT 4.00 2.00 1.33
Rationale: Isolated periods of G1 (Minor) geomagnetic storming are
likely on 07-08 Dec due to the anticipated glancing arrival of a CME
from 04 Dec.
B. NOAA Solar Radiation Activity Observation and Forecast
Solar radiation, as observed by NOAA GOES-18 over the past 24 hours, was
below S-scale storm level thresholds.
Solar Radiation Storm Forecast for Dec 07-Dec 09 2025
Dec 07 Dec 08 Dec 09
S1 or greater 10% 10% 10%
Rationale: There is a slight chance for S1 (Minor) solar radiation storm
conditions on 07-09 Dec.
C. NOAA Radio Blackout Activity and Forecast
Radio blackouts reaching the R2 levels were observed over the past 24
hours. The largest was at Dec 06 2025 2039 UTC.
Radio Blackout Forecast for Dec 07-Dec 09 2025
Dec 07 Dec 08 Dec 09
R1-R2 65% 65% 65%
R3 or greater 15% 15% 15%
Rationale: R1-R2 (Minor-Moderate) radio blackouts are likely, with a
slight chance for R3 (Strong) or greater events, on 07-09 Dec.
Extended Space Weather Discussion:
Solar Activity
.24 hr Summary...
Solar activity reached high levels when Region 4299 (N21W01,
Dao/beta-delta) produced an M1.1 (R1/Minor) flare at 06/1921 UTC, and an
M8.1/2B
(R2/Moderate) at 06/2039 UTC. Associated with the M8.1 flare was a
Tenflare (680 sfu), a Type-II radio sweep (est. 1,143 km/s), and a
Type-IV radio sweep. Some development was observed around the leader
spot of Region 4299, while slight decay was noted among the trailer
spots. Region 4296 (S14W04, Eki/beta) and 4294 (S15W23,
Fkc/beta-gamma-delta) remained the largest of the visible disk but only
produced C-class activity in the past 24 hours. Only minor changes were
observed among the other numbered active regions.
Coronagraph imagery available at the time of writing shows indications
of an Earth-directed CME associated with the M1.1 and M8.1 flares from
Region 4299, however, additional imagery is needed to determine CME
parameters and arrival timing.
.Forecast...
M-class flares (R1-R2/Minor-Moderate) are likely over 07-09 Dec, with a
slight chance for X-class flares (R3/Strong), given past flare history
and the potential of current active regions on the disk.
Energetic Particle
.24 hr Summary...
The greater than 2 MeV electron flux in geosynchronous orbit reached
high levels with a peak flux of 2,140 pfu observed at 06/1820 UTC. The
greater than 10 MeV proton flux in geosynchronous orbit remained at
background levels.
.Forecast...
The greater than 2 MeV electron flux is expected to continue to reach
high levels over 07-09 Dec due to elevated solar wind speeds associated
with the ongoing CH HSS.
A slight chance exists for a greater than 10 MeV proton flux enhancement
above 10 pfu (S1/Minor) through 09 Dec due to the eruptive potential of
multiple active regions across the visible disk.
Solar Wind
.24 hr Summary...
Solar wind parameters reflected the ongoing influence of a negative
polarity CH HSS. Total magnetic field strength was between 4-8 nT. The
Bz component briefly reached as far south as -6 nT. Solar wind speeds
varied mostly between ~600-700 km/s. Phi angle was predominantly
oriented in the negative solar sector.
.Forecast...
The solar wind environment is expected to remain enhanced by the
negative polarity coronal hole HSS over 07 Dec. An additional
enhancement is likely late on 07 Dec and in to 08 Dec due to glancing
effects from a CME that left the Sun on 04 Dec. A trend towards
background solar wind conditions is likely on 09 Dec.
Geospace
.24 hr Summary...
Geomagnetic activity was at quiet to active levels due to negative
polarity coronal hole influences.
.Forecast...
The geomagnetic field is likely to reach G1 (Minor) geomagnetic storm
levels on 07-08 Dec due to the anticipated onset of influence from the
periphery of a CME that left the Sun on 04 Dec. A return to mostly quiet
levels is likely on 09 Dec.
27 Day Forecast:
Date | Radio Flux | Planetary A Index | Largest Kp Index
2025 Dec 01 190 8 3
2025 Dec 02 190 5 2
2025 Dec 03 190 15 4
2025 Dec 04 190 25 5
2025 Dec 05 190 30 5
2025 Dec 06 190 12 4
2025 Dec 07 190 10 3
2025 Dec 08 190 8 3
2025 Dec 09 190 5 2
2025 Dec 10 185 5 2
2025 Dec 11 180 5 2
2025 Dec 12 180 8 3
2025 Dec 13 175 18 5
2025 Dec 14 175 12 4
2025 Dec 15 180 8 3
2025 Dec 16 180 5 2
2025 Dec 17 180 8 3
2025 Dec 18 180 10 3
2025 Dec 19 180 8 3
2025 Dec 20 175 8 3
2025 Dec 21 175 15 4
2025 Dec 22 175 20 5
2025 Dec 23 180 20 5
2025 Dec 24 190 25 5
2025 Dec 25 195 20 5
2025 Dec 26 195 20 5
2025 Dec 27 195 15 4
v4.16b
v4.X Release 17th Dec 2020)
Fixed New GOES and HPI inputs from noaa for Json (17/12/20).
Addded the ability to add 2 custom Magnetometers in settings (comming soon) (18/10/19).
Improved Hobart Magnetometer code. (18/18/19)
Move all presets into their own pop out side menu. (19/06/19)
Added Composite weather maps (TAS, VIC and SA), thanks to Oz forecast! (19/06/19)
UI Upgrades, Name, Logo and Website Site Changes.
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Added GOES Difference (#1 - #2)
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v3.8x
Various Updates, New AF Index Algo. (8/12/18)
v3.6x
Added more Presets. Disabled Presets overwriting graph views (6/7/18)
Added GeoSpace Kp Model Prediction. (3/7/18)
Added SWPC Kp Forecast + Observation. (2/7/18)
Removed WingKP and USKp. :( No longer Avaliable. (2/7/18)
Removed feed from www.dunedinaurora.nz (Unreliable). (2/7/18)
Updates to latest JQuery, JQuery Mobile and AmCharts etc. (2/7/18)
Enhanced Pro setting with Dynamic Preasure. (2/7/18)
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Removed Dial, and Added Forecast Report. (28/2/18)
Updated A few settings for better visilation. (28/2/18)
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User Interface Upgrades.
Add 'Dial' for the basics, with default support.
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Added 'Automatic Chart Update' option in settings.
Database caching enabled, significant load time improvements.
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Fixed Orentation Change Alert.
Small layout changes.
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DB Optimisation, improved DB search times.
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Added Macquarie Island MAG feed.
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Added Brendan's experemental MAG feed (Hobart).
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> v1.0 (Started 20/10/2014)
Mawson and Macquarie Island data is copyright Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia), and redistributed under Creative Commons v4.
Thanks to INTERMAGNET for promoting high standards of magnetic observatory practice in providing access to these feeds. (www.intermagnet.org).
Local Australian weather composite maps provided by Oz Forecast